Islam is one religion that enter and flourish in Indonesia. This certainly is not something foreign to you, because in the mass media you may have heard or read that Indonesia is a country that has the largest Islamic faiths in the world.
Islam entered Indonesia starting from the coastal areas, and then forwarded to the countryside by the scholars or disseminator of Islam. About when Islam arrived in Indonesia and who the carrier there are some theories that support it. For more details please refer to the following description of the material.
Entry Process and Development of Religion and Culture of Islam in Indonesia
The process of entry and development of Islam in Indonesia by Ahmad Mansour Suryanegara in his book entitled Discovering History, there are 3 theories are Gujarat theory, theory and theory of Persian Mecca.
The three theories mentioned above provide answers about the problem when the entry of Islam into Indonesia, national origin and about the perpetrators or the carrier disseminator of Islam into the archipelago.
To find out more from these theories, please refer to the following description of the material.
1. Theory Gujarat
The theory argues that the religion of Islam arrived in Indonesia during the 13th century and the carrier came from Gujarat (Cambay), India. The basis of this theory are:
1. Lack of facts that explain the role of Arabs in
the spread of Islam in Indonesia.
2. Indonesia trade relations with India have long been through Indonesia -
Cambay - Middle East - Europe.
3. The existence of the gravestone of Sultan Malik Al Pasai Ocean Saleh in 1297 which
distinctive character of Gujarat.
Supporting the theory is Snouck Hurgronye Gujarat, WF Stutterheim and Bernard HM Vlekke. The experts who support the theory of Gujarat, it has focused on the emergence of Islamic political power that is the kingdom of Samudra Pasai. It is also derived from information Marcopolo from Venice (Italy) who had a stopover in Perlak (Perureula) in 1292. He relates that in Perlak has many residents who converted to Islam and many Muslim merchants from India who spread the teachings of Islam.
Thus an explanation of the theory of Gujarat. Please refer to the next theory.
2. Theory Makkah
This theory is a new theory is emerging as a refutation of the old theory that the theory of Gujarat. Makkah theory argue that Islam entered Indonesia in the 7th century and the carrier derived from Arabic (Egypt).
Basic theory is:
1. In the 7th century, which was in 674 on the west coast of Sumatra has been found
Islamic settlements (Arabic); the basis that the Arab traders had
founded in Canton township since the 4th century. It is also in accordance with
Chinese news.
2.Kerajaan oceans Shafi'i school of Pasai embrace flow, where the influence of school
Shafi is the largest at that time Egypt and Mecca. While Gujarat / India
are followers of Hanafi sect.
3. Kings Ocean Pasai use the title of Al malik, namely the degree is derived
from Egypt.
Supporting this theory is Hamka Makkah, Van Leur and TW Arnold. The experts who support this theory states that have stood the 13th century Islamic political power, so the entry to Indonesia took place well before the 7th century and who played a major role towards the process of spreading is the Arabs themselves.
From the above, if you already understand? If you already understand the theory refer to the next.
3. Persian Theory
This theory argues that Islam arrived in Indonesia 13th century and the carrier came from Persia (Iran). Basic theory is a Persian cultural similarities with Indonesian Islamic culture such as:
1. 10 Muharram or Ashura commemoration of the death of Hasan and Husein grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, which is cherished by people in the Shiite / Islamic Iran. In West Sumatra commemoration ceremony called Tabuik / Ark. While on the island of Java, is marked by the manufacture of pulp Shura.
2. The similarity of the teachings of Sufi Sheikh Siti Jennar adopted by Sufis of Iran namely Al - Hallaj.
3. Iran's use of the term language in Arabic letters spelling system for signs of Harakat sound.
4. The discovery of the tomb of Maulana Malik Ibrahim in 1419 in Gresik.
5. The existence of settlements Leren / Leran in Giri Gresik area. Leren is the name of one of Supporting this theory is Omar Amir Husein and PA Hussein
Jayadiningrat.
The third theory, basically each has truth and weaknesses. So it can be concluded based on the theory that Islam entered Indonesia by way of peace in the century - 7 and having its development during the 13th century. As the holder of a role in spreading Islam is the Arabs, Persians and Gujarat (India).
The process of entry and growth of Islam into Indonesia is basically done by way of peace through several channels / channel is through trade as practiced by Arab traders, Persian and Gujarati.
The trader interact / associate with people of Indonesia. During the event, used to spread the teachings of Islam. Furthermore, among those traders who continue to live there, or established neighborhoods, such as traders set up camp Pekojan Gujarat.
With the settlement of merchants, then the more frequent interaction and some even up to marry an Indonesian woman, so that the spread of Islam the fastest growing.
Rapid development of Islam that causes appear prominent scholars or mubaliqh who spread Islam through education by establishing boarding schools.
Boarding school is where young people from different regions and among the people studied Islam. After tammat of the hut, then the youths became interpreter mission to spread Islam in their respective regions.
In addition to the spread of Islam through the channels described above, Islam is also spread through the art, for example through the art show or wayang kulit gamelan. Thus the faster growing Islam and readily accepted by the people of Indonesia.
To test the level of understanding you, please you discuss with your friends, look for the reason why Islam is readily accepted by the people of Indonesia. You can then refer to the description of the next material.
On the island of Java, the role mubaligh and scholars joined in the group of saints known as Walisongo which is a gathering of nine people. Assembly takes place in several periods of being serialized, replace the cleric who died / moved to the outside of Java. From these explanations if you already know, when it's understood the description refer to the following material about the period of the spread of Islam by the scholars / caregiver.
1. Period I:
The spread of Islam by Maulana Malik Ibrahim *, Maulana Ishaq (-), Jumada Qubra Ahmad, Muhammad Al-Maghreb, Israel * Malik, Muhammad Al-Akbar *, Maulana Hasannudin, Aliyuddin *, and Sheikh Subakir (-).
2. Period II:
The spread of Islam was replaced by Raden Rahmat (Sunan Ampel Denta), Jafar Siddiq (Holy Sunan), Sharif Hidayatullah (Sunan Gunung Jati).
3. Period III:
hijrahnya Maulana Ishaq and Sheikh Subakir, and the death of Maulana Hassanudin and Aliyuddin the spreaders of Islam in this period conducted by Raden Paku (Sunan Giri), Raden Said (Sunan Kalijaga), Makhdum Raden Ibrahim (Sunan Bonang) and Raden Qashim (Sunan Drajat).
4. Period IV:
Islam is spreading further Jumada al-Kubra and Muhammad Maghribi and then replaced by Raden Hasan (Raden Patah) and Fadhilah Khan (Falatehan).
5. Period V:
For this period because of Raden Patah becomes Sultan of Demak so that his place is Sunan Muria.
Thus the spread of the period of the spread of Islam in Indonesia, hopefully you can understand easily, then you see the following description of the material.
The guardian / cleric, known as the Walisongo in Java consist of:
1. Maulana Malik Ibrahim was known by the name of spreading the Islamic Maghreb Sheikh
in East Java.
2. Sunan Ampel with the original name Raden Rahmat spread Islam in the region
Ampel Surabaya.
3. Sunan Bonang was the son of Sunan Ampel real name is Maulana Makdum
Ibrahim, Islam spread in Bonang (Tuban).
4. Drajat Sunan is also the son of Sunan Ampel real name is Syarifuddin
Islam spread in the area of Gresik / Sedayu.
5. Sunan Giri original name Raden Paku spreading Islam in the area of Bukit Giri
(Gresik).
6. Holy Sunan real name Sheikh Ja'far Shodik spread Islamic teachings in
Ghost area.
7. Sunan Kalijaga original name Raden Mas Shaheed or R. Setya spread
teachings of Islam in Demak district.
8. Sunan Muria was the son of Sunan Kalijaga original name Raden Umar Syaid
the Islamic spread in the area of Mount Muria.
9. Sunan Gunung Jati real name Sharif Hidayatullah, spread Islam in Java
West (Cirebon).
Nine guardian who is very popular on the island of Java, the Java community has a partial view of the guardians of life and perfection is always close to God, so that known as Waliullah which means someone who loved God.
Being Acculturation Culture and Islamic Cultural Indonesia
Before Islam came in and grow, Indonesia already has a style culture that is influenced by Hinduism and Buddhism as you learned in previous modules.
With the entry of Islam, Indonesia has undergone a process of acculturation (the process of mixing the two (more) because the mixing of cultures and nations influence each other), who gave birth to a new culture that is Islamic culture of Indonesia. Islam does not mean the entry of Hindu and Buddhist culture is lost.
Forms of culture as a result of the acculturation process, not merely material / material but also about the behavior of Indonesian society.
Islam is one religion that enter and flourish in Indonesia. This certainly is not something foreign to you, because in the mass media you may have heard or read that Indonesia is a country that has the largest Islamic faiths in the world.
Islam entered Indonesia starting from the coastal areas, and then forwarded to the countryside by the scholars or disseminator of Islam. About when Islam arrived in Indonesia and who the carrier there are some theories that support it. For more details please refer to the following description of the material.
Entry Process and Development of Religion and Culture of Islam in Indonesia
The process of entry and development of Islam in Indonesia by Ahmad Mansour Suryanegara in his book entitled Discovering History, there are 3 theories are Gujarat theory, theory and theory of Persian Mecca.
The three theories mentioned above provide answers about the problem when the entry of Islam into Indonesia, national origin and about the perpetrators or the carrier disseminator of Islam into the archipelago.
To find out more from these theories, please refer to the following description of the material.
1. Theory Gujarat
The theory argues that the religion of Islam arrived in Indonesia during the 13th century and the carrier came from Gujarat (Cambay), India. The basis of this theory are:
1. Lack of facts that explain the role of Arabs in
the spread of Islam in Indonesia.
2. Indonesia trade relations with India have long been through Indonesia -
Cambay - Middle East - Europe.
3. The existence of the gravestone of Sultan Malik Al Pasai Ocean Saleh in 1297 which
distinctive character of Gujarat.
Supporting the theory is Snouck Hurgronye Gujarat, WF Stutterheim and Bernard HM Vlekke. The experts who support the theory of Gujarat, it has focused on the emergence of Islamic political power that is the kingdom of Samudra Pasai. It is also derived from information Marcopolo from Venice (Italy) who had a stopover in Perlak (Perureula) in 1292. He relates that in Perlak has many residents who converted to Islam and many Muslim merchants from India who spread the teachings of Islam.
Thus an explanation of the theory of Gujarat. Please refer to the next theory.
2. Theory Makkah
This theory is a new theory is emerging as a refutation of the old theory that the theory of Gujarat. Makkah theory argue that Islam entered Indonesia in the 7th century and the carrier derived from Arabic (Egypt).
Basic theory is:
1. In the 7th century, which was in 674 on the west coast of Sumatra has been found
Islamic settlements (Arabic); the basis that the Arab traders had
founded in Canton township since the 4th century. It is also in accordance with
Chinese news.
2.Kerajaan oceans Shafi'i school of Pasai embrace flow, where the influence of school
Shafi is the largest at that time Egypt and Mecca. While Gujarat / India
are followers of Hanafi sect.
3. Kings Ocean Pasai use the title of Al malik, namely the degree is derived
from Egypt.
Supporting this theory is Hamka Makkah, Van Leur and TW Arnold. The experts who support this theory states that have stood the 13th century Islamic political power, so the entry to Indonesia took place well before the 7th century and who played a major role towards the process of spreading is the Arabs themselves.
From the above, if you already understand? If you already understand the theory refer to the next.
3. Persian Theory
This theory argues that Islam arrived in Indonesia 13th century and the carrier came from Persia (Iran). Basic theory is a Persian cultural similarities with Indonesian Islamic culture such as:
1. 10 Muharram or Ashura commemoration of the death of Hasan and Husein grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, which is cherished by people in the Shiite / Islamic Iran. In West Sumatra commemoration ceremony called Tabuik / Ark. While on the island of Java, is marked by the manufacture of pulp Shura.
2. The similarity of the teachings of Sufi Sheikh Siti Jennar adopted by Sufis of Iran namely Al - Hallaj.
3. Iran's use of the term language in Arabic letters spelling system for signs of Harakat sound.
4. The discovery of the tomb of Maulana Malik Ibrahim in 1419 in Gresik.
5. The existence of settlements Leren / Leran in Giri Gresik area. Leren is the name of one of Supporting this theory is Omar Amir Husein and PA Hussein
Jayadiningrat.
The third theory, basically each has truth and weaknesses. So it can be concluded based on the theory that Islam entered Indonesia by way of peace in the century - 7 and having its development during the 13th century. As the holder of a role in spreading Islam is the Arabs, Persians and Gujarat (India).
The process of entry and growth of Islam into Indonesia is basically done by way of peace through several channels / channel is through trade as practiced by Arab traders, Persian and Gujarati.
The trader interact / associate with people of Indonesia. During the event, used to spread the teachings of Islam. Furthermore, among those traders who continue to live there, or established neighborhoods, such as traders set up camp Pekojan Gujarat.
With the settlement of merchants, then the more frequent interaction and some even up to marry an Indonesian woman, so that the spread of Islam the fastest growing.
Rapid development of Islam that causes appear prominent scholars or mubaliqh who spread Islam through education by establishing boarding schools.
Boarding school is where young people from different regions and among the people studied Islam. After tammat of the hut, then the youths became interpreter mission to spread Islam in their respective regions.
In addition to the spread of Islam through the channels described above, Islam is also spread through the art, for example through the art show or wayang kulit gamelan. Thus the faster growing Islam and readily accepted by the people of Indonesia.
To test the level of understanding you, please you discuss with your friends, look for the reason why Islam is readily accepted by the people of Indonesia. You can then refer to the description of the next material.
On the island of Java, the role mubaligh and scholars joined in the group of saints known as Walisongo which is a gathering of nine people. Assembly takes place in several periods of being serialized, replace the cleric who died / moved to the outside of Java. From these explanations if you already know, when it's understood the description refer to the following material about the period of the spread of Islam by the scholars / caregiver.
1. Period I:
The spread of Islam by Maulana Malik Ibrahim *, Maulana Ishaq (-), Jumada Qubra Ahmad, Muhammad Al-Maghreb, Israel * Malik, Muhammad Al-Akbar *, Maulana Hasannudin, Aliyuddin *, and Sheikh Subakir (-).
2. Period II:
The spread of Islam was replaced by Raden Rahmat (Sunan Ampel Denta), Jafar Siddiq (Holy Sunan), Sharif Hidayatullah (Sunan Gunung Jati).
3. Period III:
hijrahnya Maulana Ishaq and Sheikh Subakir, and the death of Maulana Hassanudin and Aliyuddin the spreaders of Islam in this period conducted by Raden Paku (Sunan Giri), Raden Said (Sunan Kalijaga), Makhdum Raden Ibrahim (Sunan Bonang) and Raden Qashim (Sunan Drajat).
4. Period IV:
Islam is spreading further Jumada al-Kubra and Muhammad Maghribi and then replaced by Raden Hasan (Raden Patah) and Fadhilah Khan (Falatehan).
5. Period V:
For this period because of Raden Patah becomes Sultan of Demak so that his place is Sunan Muria.
Thus the spread of the period of the spread of Islam in Indonesia, hopefully you can understand easily, then you see the following description of the material.
The guardian / cleric, known as the Walisongo in Java consist of:
1. Maulana Malik Ibrahim was known by the name of spreading the Islamic Maghreb Sheikh
in East Java.
2. Sunan Ampel with the original name Raden Rahmat spread Islam in the region
Ampel Surabaya.
3. Sunan Bonang was the son of Sunan Ampel real name is Maulana Makdum
Ibrahim, Islam spread in Bonang (Tuban).
4. Drajat Sunan is also the son of Sunan Ampel real name is Syarifuddin
Islam spread in the area of Gresik / Sedayu.
5. Sunan Giri original name Raden Paku spreading Islam in the area of Bukit Giri
(Gresik).
6. Holy Sunan real name Sheikh Ja'far Shodik spread Islamic teachings in
Ghost area.
7. Sunan Kalijaga original name Raden Mas Shaheed or R. Setya spread
teachings of Islam in Demak district.
8. Sunan Muria was the son of Sunan Kalijaga original name Raden Umar Syaid
the Islamic spread in the area of Mount Muria.
9. Sunan Gunung Jati real name Sharif Hidayatullah, spread Islam in Java
West (Cirebon).
Nine guardian who is very popular on the island of Java, the Java community has a partial view of the guardians of life and perfection is always close to God, so that known as Waliullah which means someone who loved God.
Being Acculturation Culture and Islamic Cultural Indonesia
Before Islam came in and grow, Indonesia already has a style culture that is influenced by Hinduism and Buddhism as you learned in previous modules.
With the entry of Islam, Indonesia has undergone a process of acculturation (the process of mixing the two (more) because the mixing of cultures and nations influence each other), who gave birth to a new culture that is Islamic culture of Indonesia. Islam does not mean the entry of Hindu and Buddhist culture is lost.
Forms of culture as a result of the acculturation process, not merely material / material but also about the behavior of Indonesian society.
